I gave a TEDx talk last year about new features and new interesting problems people could look at using the data from the Google Books Ngram Viewer (http://books.google.com/ngrams). It's up now on TEDx and YouTube:
http://tedxbeaconstreet.com/matthew-gray/
http://tedxbeaconstreet.com/matthew-gray/
http://www.motts.com/about#the-1930s
That may have helped popularize the product and its spelling, but clearly the trend started earlier.
Oddly, the German connection seems weak, since the N-Gram for German immigrant was in a trough right at that time:
http://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=German+immigrant+%2F+immigrant&year_start=1800&year_end=2000&corpus=15&smoothing=3&share=